Genetic and Genomic Landscape of Secondary and Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia

被引:35
作者
Higgins, Alexandra [1 ]
Shah, Mithun Vinod [1 ]
机构
[1] Mayo Clin, Div Hematol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
关键词
acute myeloid leukemia; myelodysplastic syndrome; myeloproliferative neoplasm; next-generation sequencing; molecular markers; clonal hematopoiesis; allogeneic transplant; CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES; CLONAL HEMATOPOIESIS; MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS; ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA; POLYCYTHEMIA-VERA; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE;
D O I
10.3390/genes11070749
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
A subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises either from an antecedent myeloid malignancy (secondary AML, sAML) or as a complication of DNA-damaging therapy for other cancers (therapy-related myeloid neoplasm, t-MN). These secondary leukemias have unique biological and clinical features that distinguish them from de novo AML. Over the last decade, molecular techniques have unraveled the complex subclonal architecture of sAML and t-MN. In this review, we compare and contrast biological and clinical features of de novo AML with sAML and t-MN. We discuss the role of genetic mutations, including those involved in RNA splicing, epigenetic modification, tumor suppression, transcription regulation, and cell signaling, in the pathogenesis of secondary leukemia. We also discuss clonal hematopoiesis in otherwise healthy individuals, as well as in the context of another malignancy, and how it challenges the conventional notion of sAML/t-MN. We conclude by summarizing the current and emerging treatment strategies, including allogenic transplant, in these complex scenarios.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 25
页数:25
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