The role of working memory in achievement goal pursuit

被引:18
作者
Avery, Rachel E. [1 ]
Smillie, Luke D. [2 ]
de Fockert, Jan W. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England
[2] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Psychol Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia
[3] Univ London, Dept Psychol, New Cross SE14 6NW, England
关键词
Working memory; Motivational states; Achievement goal; Mastery-approach; Performance-approach; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; COGNITIVE CONTROL; MOTIVATIONAL INFLUENCES; STEREOTYPE THREAT; TASK-PERFORMANCE; MINDS; ATTENTION; PRESSURE; CAPACITY; ANXIETY;
D O I
10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.07.012
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The present research examined the role of working memory in the pursuit of qualitatively different achievement goals. Pursuit of a mastery-approach goal entails a focus on developing self-referential competence while a performance-approach goal entails a focus on demonstrating normative competence. Across two experiments it was found that, when working memory is loaded, individuals pursuing a mastery-approach goal experienced larger performance decrements than individuals pursuing a performance-approach goal or those in a no-goal control. It was also found that reliance upon working memory intensive strategies (explicit strategies) was more evident for those in a mastery-approach condition, whereas reliance upon less working memory intensive strategies (implicit strategies) was more evident for those in the performance-approach condition. Results suggest that a motivated focus on developing self-referential skill relies heavily on working memory, facilitated by the use of deliberative, 'step-by-step' strategies during goal pursuit. Conversely, a focus on demonstrating normative skill depends less on working memory, facilitated by the use of more heuristic 'short-cut' strategies during goal pursuit. These findings show, for the first time, that working memory plays an important, but selective, role in achievement goal pursuit. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:361 / 372
页数:12
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