Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?

被引:1535
作者
Rosenfeld, Daniel [1 ]
Lohmann, Ulrike [2 ]
Raga, Graciela B. [3 ]
O'Dowd, Colin D. [4 ,5 ]
Kulmala, Markku [6 ]
Fuzzi, Sandro [7 ]
Reissell, Anni [6 ]
Andreae, Meinrat O. [8 ]
机构
[1] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel
[2] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
[4] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Sch Phys, Environm Change Inst, Galway, Ireland
[5] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Ctr Climate & Air Pollut Studies, Environm Change Inst, Galway, Ireland
[6] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[7] CNR, Ist Sci Atmosfera & Clima, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[8] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1160606
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human- made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long- lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.
引用
收藏
页码:1309 / 1313
页数:5
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