Design of an efficient photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells using electrospun one-dimensional GO/N-doped nanocomposite SnO2/TiO2

This study presents the combination of N, graphene oxide (GO) and SnO2 as efficient dopants into TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) photoanode substrate for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The devel-oped NFs are synthesized by electrospinning and hydrothermal processes and characterized by FESEM, TEM, XPS, FT-IR, Raman and EDX-studies. The formation of short NFs is confirmed through FESEM and TEM measurements. As the results, the major crystal structure of TiO2 in the prepared NFs has anatase (85.23%) and rutile-structure (14.67%). XPS and EDX studies affirm that the material has Ti,O, Sn, N and C elements. In addition, FT-IR and Raman spectra give an indication about the GO-content. Typically, the DSC based on the novel NFs shows 6.18% efficiency. The j(sc), V-oc, FF and R-ct are estimated and found to be 10.32 mA cm(-2), 0.825 V, 0.73 and 21.66 Omega, respectively. The high-power efficiency is contributed by three reasons. The first one is the high dye-loading (2.16 x 10(-7) mol cm-(2)). The second reason is the enhanced charge transfer and decreasing of the electrons/holes recombination through formation of wide band-gap oxide (3.246 eV). Finally, the third one is GO-doping which may create new routes for the electron transfer in working electrode layer. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.