Exosomes in the tumor microenvironment as mediators of cancer therapy resistance

被引：345

作者：

Li, Irene ^{[1
,2
]}

Nabet, Barzin Y. ^{[3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Stanford Univ, Stanford Canc Biol Program, 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Radiol, 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[3] Stanford Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, 265 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[4] Stanford Univ, Stanford Canc Inst, 265 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

MOLECULAR CANCER | 2019年 / 18卷 / 1期

关键词：

Exosomes; Tumor microenvironment; Therapy resistance; Biomarkers; METASTATIC NICHE FORMATION; EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; STROMAL CELLS; RNA; MICROVESICLES; FIBROBLASTS; BLOCKADE; GROWTH; IDENTIFICATION;

D O I：

10.1186/s12943-019-0975-5

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that contain genetic material, proteins, and lipids. They function as potent signaling molecules between cancer cells and the surrounding cells that comprise the tumor microenvironment (TME). Exosomes derived from both tumor and stromal cells have been implicated in all stages of cancer progression and play an important role in therapy resistance. Moreover, due to their nature as mediators of cell-cell communication, they are integral to TME-dependent therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss current exosome isolation and profiling techniques and their role in TME interactions and therapy resistance. We also explore emerging clinical applications of both exosomes as biomarkers, direct therapeutic targets, and engineered nanocarriers. In order to fully understand the TME, careful interrogation of exosomes and their cargo is critical. This understanding is a promising avenue for the development of effective clinical applications.

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页数：10

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