Terahertz Integration and Spatio-Temporal Super-Resolution Imaging on LiNbO3 Chip

Terahertz phonon polaritons can be generated in ferroelectric crystal LiNbO3 using femtosecond laser pulses. When the crystal thickness becomes comparable with or less than the terahertz wavelength, LiNbO3 functions as an integrated chip that integrates the processes of generation, propagation, control, and detection of terahertz wave and its interaction with materials or microstructures. This provides a platform for the research and applications of terahertz waves. Moreover, by using the spatio-temporal super-resolution imaging technology, the transmission in the chip and interaction of terahertz waves with microstructures can be visualized and quantitatively analyzed. This paper reviews some works on the LiNbO3 chip, such as the research on tcrahcrtz propagation characteristics, generation of frequency-tunable terahertz sources, and terahertz modulation using microstructures. These results demonstrate that the subwavelength LiNbO3 chip is a promising terahertz integrated device.