TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REFURBISHED EV LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES FOR SMART GRID ENERGY STORAGE

This paper presents an energy storage system (ESS) suitable for the Smart Grids. Nowadays, smart grids suffer from peak demands of electricity, which pushes the utility companies to resort to fossil fuels to satisfy the peak demands. Fossil fuels, such as natural gas, are the main cause of the global warming. The project presented in this paper is about the design and implementation of an ESS made from disposed electric vehicle (EV) li-ion batteries. These batteries can hold up to 80% of their initial rated capacity. The proposed ESS uses load demand forecasting using exponential smoothing method. The forecasts produced by the Holt-Winters Taylor exponential smoothing are fed to a microcontroller that controls the charging and the discharging of the proposed ESS through a bidirectional AC-to-DC converter. The charging of the ESS happens at low demand of electricity, or when the renewable resources have an output. The discharge happens when there is a peak demand.