The efficacy of axitinib as a first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Aim To evaluate predictive factors which associated with oncological outcomes to first-line axitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted patients who had been treated with axitinib as first-line therapy for the treatment of mRCC from September 2013 to February 2018. Axitinib was given by single daily oral administration at a dose of 10 mg, which was reduced according to adverse events (AEs). We investigated progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and AEs. Results Thirty-eight mRCC patients were enrolled. The median follow-up duration of axitinib treatment was 11.3 months (range = 1.0-56.9). ORR was 28.9%. Median PFS and OS was 12.8, and 17.9 months, respectively. In univariate analysis, baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil, corrected calcium (Ca), platelets (Plt) and time from diagnosis were selected as potential predictive factors. Multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model analysis showed that the number of risk factors were associated with PFS (P = 0.03) and OS (P = 0.02). Conclusion Baseline LDH, neutrophil, Ca, Plt and time from diagnosis are predictive factors for both PFS and OS in first-line treatment with axitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.