Toward global maps of internal tide energy sinks

被引:102
作者
de Lavergne, C. [1 ,2 ]
Falahat, S. [3 ]
Madec, G. [1 ]
Roquet, F. [4 ]
Nycander, J. [3 ]
Vic, C. [5 ]
机构
[1] Sorbonne Univ, CNRS IRD MNHN, LOCEAN Lab, F-75005 Paris, France
[2] Univ New South Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol MISU, S-11418 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
[5] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
Ocean mixing; Internal tides; Energy dissipation; Parameterization; PARAMETRIC SUBHARMONIC INSTABILITY; OCEAN CIRCULATION; DEEP-OCEAN; TURBULENT DISSIPATION; WAVE-PROPAGATION; FINESCALE PARAMETERIZATIONS; GEOGRAPHICAL-DISTRIBUTION; PART II; SCATTERING; TOPOGRAPHY;
D O I
10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.03.010
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
Internal tides power much of the observed small-scale turbulence in the ocean interior. To represent mixing induced by this turbulence in ocean climate models, the cascade of internal tide energy to dissipation scales must be understood and mapped. Here, we present a framework for estimating the geography of internal tide energy sinks. The mapping relies on the following ingredients: (i) a global observational climatology of stratification; (ii) maps of the generation of M-2, S-2 and K-1 internal tides decomposed into vertical normal modes; (iii) simplified representations of the dissipation of low-mode internal tides due to wave-wave interactions, scattering by small-scale topography, interaction with critical slopes and shoaling; (iv) Lagrangian tracking of low-mode energy beams through observed stratification, including refraction and reflection. We thus obtain a global map of the column-integrated energy dissipation for each of the four considered dissipative processes, each of the three tidal constituents and each of the first five modes. Modes >= 6 are inferred to dissipate within the local water column at the employed half-degree horizontal resolution. Combining all processes, modes and constituents, we construct a map of the total internal tide energy dissipation, which compares well with observational inferences of internal wave energy dissipation. This result suggests that tides largely shape observed spatial contrasts of dissipation, and that the framework has potential in improving understanding and modelling of ocean mixing. However, sensitivity to poorly constrained parameters and simplifying assumptions entering the parameterized energy sinks calls for additional investigation. The attenuation of low-mode internal tides by wave-wave interactions needs particular attention.
引用
收藏
页码:52 / 75
页数:24
相关论文
共 135 条
[1]   Internal waves across the Pacific [J].
Alford, M. H. ;
MacKinnon, J. A. ;
Zhao, Zhongxiang ;
Pinkel, Rob ;
Klymak, Jody ;
Peacock, Thomas .
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2007, 34 (24)
[2]   Global patterns of low-mode internal-wave propagation. Part I: Energy and energy flux [J].
Alford, Matthew H. ;
Zhao, Zhongxiang .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, 2007, 37 (07) :1829-1848
[3]   Global patterns of low-mode internal-wave propagation. Part II: Group velocity [J].
Alford, Matthew H. ;
Zhao, Zhongxiang .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, 2007, 37 (07) :1849-1858
[4]   Geographical Distribution of Diurnal and Semidiurnal Parametric Subharmonic Instability in a Global Ocean Circulation Model [J].
Ansong, Joseph K. ;
Arbic, Brian K. ;
Simmons, Harper L. ;
Alford, Matthew H. ;
Buijsman, Maarten C. ;
Timko, Patrick G. ;
Richman, James G. ;
Shriver, Jay F. ;
Wallcraft, Alan J. .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, 2018, 48 (06) :1409-1431
[5]   Indirect evidence for substantial damping of low-mode internal tides in the open ocean [J].
Ansong, Joseph K. ;
Arbic, Brian K. ;
Buijsman, Maarten C. ;
Richman, James G. ;
Shriver, Jay F. ;
Wallcraft, Alan J. .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, 2015, 120 (09) :6057-6071
[6]   Concurrent simulation of the eddying general circulation and tides in a global ocean model [J].
Arbic, Brian K. ;
Wallcraft, Alan J. ;
Metzger, E. Joseph .
OCEAN MODELLING, 2010, 32 (3-4) :175-187
[7]   TOPOGRAPHICALLY GENERATED INTERNAL WAVES IN OPEN OCEAN [J].
BELL, TH .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, 1975, 80 (03) :320-327
[8]   Contrasted turbulence intensities in the Indonesian Throughflow: a challenge for parameterizing energy dissipation rate [J].
Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale ;
Cuypers, Yannis ;
Ferron, Bruno ;
Dausse, Denis ;
Menage, Olivier ;
Atmadipoera, Agus ;
Jaya, Indra .
OCEAN DYNAMICS, 2018, 68 (07) :779-800
[9]   Decay of an internal tide due to random topography in the ocean [J].
Buehler, Oliver ;
Holmes-Cerfon, Miranda .
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, 2011, 678 :271-293
[10]   Wave capture and wave-vortex duality [J].
Bühler, O ;
McIntyre, E .
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, 2005, 534 :67-95