Antiplatelet treatment does not reduce the severity of subsequent stroke

Objective: To assess the the effect of antiplatelet therapy on the severity of subsequent stroke in patients with stroke and TIA, Background: The Second European Stroke Prevention Study (ESPS2) recruited 6,602 patients in four treatment groups: placebo, 2 x 25 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 2 x 200 mg dipyridamole (DP), and the combination of 50 mg ASA and 400 mg DP per day. Seventy-six percent of the patients had had a stroke as the qualifying event, whereas 24% had a TIA. All patients were followed at S-month intervals for 2 years. ESPS2 showed a benefit from antiplatelet treatment compared with placebo and an additional benefit using ASA and DP together compared with either of these antiplatelet agents alone. Methods: In the ESPS2, the study protocol included assessment of severity of end point stroke with the modified Rankin scale once the stroke had clinically stabilized, and no further impairment was observed. There were 824 new stroke events during follow-up. In 701 of them, the initial Rankin scale was known, and this was also evaluated after each nonfatal recurrent stroke. The difference in Rankin scale between treatment groups was analyzed after recurrent stroke, and the progress in Rankin scale between entry and recurrent stroke was quantified by calculating the number of patients with a change of one or more degrees in the scale. Results: There were no significant differences in these changes in Rankin scale between the treatment groups. The mean time to reach an end point of stroke was longest in patients who used ASA + DP (p = 0.057). However, there was no difference among the treatment groups in the time to death during follow-up. Conclusion: This study suggests that antiplatelet therapy does not influence the severity of recurrent stroke as evaluated with the Rankin scale. However, antiplatelet therapy seems to lengthen the time the patient remains free from a recurrent stroke.