Muscle Repair and Regeneration: Stem Cells, Scaffolds, and the Contributions of Skeletal Muscle to Amphibian Limb Regeneration

被引:17
作者
Milner, Derek J. [1 ]
Cameron, Jo Ann [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Illinois, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
来源
NEW PERSPECTIVES IN REGENERATION | 2013年 / 367卷
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
SATELLITE CELL; IN-VITRO; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MAMMALIAN MYOTUBES; NERVE DEPENDENCE; TISSUE; DEDIFFERENTIATION; DIFFERENTIATION; MACROPHAGES; INJURY;
D O I
10.1007/82_2012_292
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Skeletal muscle possesses a robust innate capability for repair of tissue damage. Natural repair of muscle damage is a stepwise process that requires the coordinated activity of a number of cell types, including infiltrating macrophages, resident myogenic and non-myogenic stem cells, and connective tissue fibroblasts. Despite the proficiency of this intrinsic repair capability, severe injuries that result in significant loss of muscle tissue overwhelm the innate repair process and require intervention if muscle function is to be restored. Recent advances in stem cell biology, regenerative medicine, and materials science have led to attempts at developing tissue engineering-based methods for repairing severe muscle defects. Muscle tissue also plays a role in the ability of tailed amphibians to regenerate amputated limbs through epimorphic regeneration. Muscle contributes adult stem cells to the amphibian regeneration blastema, but it can also contribute blastemal cells through the dedifferentiation of multinucleate myofibers into mononuclear precursors. This fascinating plasticity and its contributions to limb regeneration have prompted researchers to investigate the potential for mammalian muscle to undergo dedifferentiation. Several works have shown that mammalian myotubes can be fragmented into mononuclear cells and induced to re-enter the cell cycle, but mature myofibers are resistant to fragmentation. However, recent works suggest that there may be a path to inducing fragmentation of mature myofibers into proliferative multipotent cells with the potential for use in muscle tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.
引用
收藏
页码:133 / 159
页数:27
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