Climate and More Sustainable Cities: Climate Information for Improved Planning and Management of Cities (Producers/Capabilities Perspective)

被引：198

作者：

Grimmond, C. S. B. ^{[1
]}

Roth, M. ^{[1
]}

Oke, T. R. ^{[1
]}

Au, Y. C. ^{[1
]}

Best, M. ^{[1
]}

Betts, R. ^{[1
]}

Carmichael, G. ^{[1
]}

Cleugh, H. ^{[1
]}

Dabberdt, W. ^{[1
]}

Emmanuel, R. ^{[1
]}

Freitas, E. ^{[1
]}

Fortuniak, K. ^{[1
]}

Hanna, S. ^{[1
]}

Klein, P. ^{[1
]}

Kalkstein, L. S. ^{[1
]}

Liu, C. H. ^{[1
]}

Nickson, A. ^{[1
]}

Pearlmutter, D. ^{[1
]}

Sailor, D. ^{[1
]}

Voogt, J. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Kings Coll London, London WC2R 2LS, England

来源：

WORLD CLIMATE CONFERENCE - 3 | 2010年 / 1卷

关键词：

Urban climate; modelling; observations; human-environment interactions; adaptation; mitigation; built environment; URBAN HEAT-ISLAND; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; RADIATIVE FLUX PARAMETERIZATIONS; RURAL TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES; PEDESTRIAN ENERGY-EXCHANGE; LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT; SPACEBORNE RAIN RADAR; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; AVENUE STREET CANYON;

D O I：

10.1016/j.proenv.2010.09.016

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

In the last two decades substantial advances have been made in the understanding of the scientific basis of urban climates. These are reviewed here with attention to sustainability of cities, applications that use climate information, and scientific understanding in relation to measurements and modelling. Consideration is given from street (micro) scale to neighbourhood (local) to city and region (meso) scale. Those areas where improvements are needed in the next decade to ensure more sustainable cities are identified. High-priority recommendations are made in the following six strategic areas: observations, data, understanding, modelling, tools and education. These include the need for more operational urban measurement stations and networks; for an international data archive to aid translation of research findings into design tools, along with guidelines for different climate zones and land uses; to develop methods to analyse atmospheric data measured above complex urban surfaces; to improve short-range, high-resolution numerical prediction of weather, air quality and chemical dispersion through improved modelling of the biogeophysical features of the urban land surface; to improve education about urban meteorology; and to encourage communication across scientific disciplines at a range of spatial and temporal scales.

引用

页码：247 / 274

页数：28

共 343 条

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