Evaluating The Accuracy Of Maxillary Sinus For Gender Determination Using Computed Tomography: A Study Protocol

Background: In medico-legal cases for individual identification, the bone might play an important role in forensic sciences because bones can resist decomposition for a long time. It has been accounted for that maxillary sinus stay flawless even though the cranium & different bones might be seriously deformed in casualties who are burned & consequently, maxillary sinuses can be utilized for distinguishing proof for forensic purposes. From the skull, the maxillary sinus is located in the facial bones. It is possible to calculate the dimension of the Maxillary sinus using computed tomography scans of the skull and paranasal scans, which can be used to determine the correctness of maxillary sinuses for male and female sex determinations and may play an important role in forensic sciences.Methodology: The total participants (n = 70) will be included (35+35) in two groups consisting of males and females using SIEMENS SOMATOM 16 SLICE machine in patients referred to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital for CT head and paranasal sinuses scan. The patient will be positioned for the head and paranasal sinuses scan. The scan will include the vertex to mandible for the head and paranasal sinuses bottom of the Maxillary sinus to the top of the frontal sinuses. Reconstructed bone window images are used. The reconstructed bone window images of the maxillary sinus will be measured; depth, width, and height of the RT and LT sinuses in two patient groups, including male and female.Expected Results:The previous studies on maxillary sinus and their results say that the male subject values may be greater than the feminine subject. The maxillary sinus might be playing a vital role in individual identification in forensic sciences.Conclusion: In forensic medicine, gender determination is a crucial stage in the identification process. CT scan measures of the maxillary sinus may be helpful in forensic sciences to facilitate sex determination. However, with a relatively low-accuracy rate. When the entire skeleton is unavailable, the height, width, and length of the maxillary sinuses, along with other bones, can be utilized to determine gender. Previous studies on a similar topic suggest that the maxillary sinus might play an important role in individual identification in forensic and medico-legal cases. We aim to strengthen these studies and after reviewing the literature about the study, the conclusion will be discussed in the final research project.