How Could the Use of Crop Wild Relatives in Breeding Increase the Adaptation of Crops to Marginal Environments?

被引:61
作者
Pablo Renzi, Juan [1 ,2 ]
Coyne, Clarice J. [3 ]
Berger, Jens [4 ]
von Wettberg, Eric [5 ,6 ]
Nelson, Matthew [4 ,7 ]
Ureta, Soledad [2 ]
Hernandez, Fernando [2 ]
Smykal, Petr [8 ]
Brus, Jan [9 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Hilario Ascasubi, Argentina
[2] Univ Nacl Sur, CONICET, Dept Agron, CERZOS, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
[3] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA
[4] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Agr & Food, Wembley, WA, Australia
[5] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Gund Inst Environm, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
[6] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Math, St Petersburg, Russia
[7] Univ Western Australia, UWA Inst Agr, Crawley, WA, Australia
[8] Palacky Univ, Dept Bot, Fac Sci, Olomouc, Czech Republic
[9] Palacky Univ, Dept Geoinformat, Fac Sci, Olomouc, Czech Republic
关键词
abiotic stress; adaptation; breeding; crop wild relatives; legumes; marginal environment; CICER-ARIETINUM L; DROUGHT-STRESS; VERNALIZATION RESPONSE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CULTIVATED CHICKPEA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NITROGEN-FIXATION; GREEN-REVOLUTION; PASTURE LEGUMES;
D O I
10.3389/fpls.2022.886162
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Alongside the use of fertilizer and chemical control of weeds, pests, and diseases modern breeding has been very successful in generating cultivars that have increased agricultural production several fold in favorable environments. These typically homogeneous cultivars (either homozygous inbreds or hybrids derived from inbred parents) are bred under optimal field conditions and perform well when there is sufficient water and nutrients. However, such optimal conditions are rare globally; indeed, a large proportion of arable land could be considered marginal for agricultural production. Marginal agricultural land typically has poor fertility and/or shallow soil depth, is subject to soil erosion, and often occurs in semi-arid or saline environments. Moreover, these marginal environments are expected to expand with ongoing climate change and progressive degradation of soil and water resources globally. Crop wild relatives (CWRs), most often used in breeding as sources of biotic resistance, often also possess traits adapting them to marginal environments. Wild progenitors have been selected over the course of their evolutionary history to maintain their fitness under a diverse range of stresses. Conversely, modern breeding for broad adaptation has reduced genetic diversity and increased genetic vulnerability to biotic and abiotic challenges. There is potential to exploit genetic heterogeneity, as opposed to genetic uniformity, in breeding for the utilization of marginal lands. This review discusses the adaptive traits that could improve the performance of cultivars in marginal environments and breeding strategies to deploy them.
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页数:21
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