Thermolysis of Rh(PPh3)(4)H in the presence of the six-membered N-heterocyclic carbene 1,3-bis(2-propyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ylidine (6-Pr-i) gave the monocarbene complex Rh(6-Pr-i)(PPh3)(2)H as a 1:2 mixture of the cis- and trans-phosphine isomers la and 1b. This same isomeric mixture was formed as the ultimate product from treating Rh(PPh3)(3)(CO)H with 6-Pr-i at room temperature, although pathways involving both CO and PPh3 loss were observed at initial times. Treatment of 1a/1b with Et3N center dot 3HF generated the bifluoride complex cis-Rh(6-Pr-i)(PPh3)(2)(FHF) (2a), which upon stirring with anhydrous Me4NF was converted to the rhodium fluoride complex cis-Rh(6-Pr-i)(PPh3)(2)F (3a). Thermolysis of 1a/1b with C6F6 resulted in C-F bond activation to afford a mixture of 3a and the pentafluorophenyl complex trans-Rh(6-Pr-i)(PPh3)(2)(C6F5) (5b). Complexes 1b, 2a, 3a, and 5b were structurally characterized.