Molecular and Cellular Complexity of Glioma. Focus on Tumour Microenvironment and the Use of Molecular and Imaging Biomarkers to Overcome Treatment Resistance

被引:28
作者
Valtorta, Silvia [1 ,2 ]
Salvatore, Daniela [1 ,2 ]
Rainone, Paolo [1 ,2 ]
Belloli, Sara [2 ,3 ]
Bertoli, Gloria [3 ]
Moresco, Rosa Maria [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Med & Surg & Tecnomed Fdn, I-20900 Monza, Italy
[2] San Raffaele Sci Inst IRCCS, Nucl Med Dept, I-20132 Milan, Italy
[3] CNR, Inst Mol Bioimaging & Physiol IBFM, I-20090 Segrate, Italy
关键词
glioma; cell heterogeneity; tumor-microenvironment; miRNA; therapy resistance; molecular imaging; PET; predictive biomarkers; prognostic biomarkers; CANCER STEM-CELLS; NEWLY-DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; INTEGRATED GENOMIC ANALYSIS; OUTER RADIAL GLIA; HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA; COMBINATION THERAPY; KYNURENINE PATHWAY; TEMOZOLOMIDE CHEMORESISTANCE; INTRATUMOR HETEROGENEITY;
D O I
10.3390/ijms21165631
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
This review highlights the importance and the complexity of tumour biology and microenvironment in the progression and therapy resistance of glioma. Specific gene mutations, the possible functions of several non-coding microRNAs and the intra-tumour and inter-tumour heterogeneity of cell types contribute to limit the efficacy of the actual therapeutic options. In this scenario, identification of molecular biomarkers of response and the use of multimodal in vivo imaging and in particular the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) based molecular approach, can help identifying glioma features and the modifications occurring during therapy at a regional level. Indeed, a better understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the development of diagnostic procedures can favor the identification of a cluster of patients for personalized medicine in order to improve the survival and their quality of life.
引用
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页码:1 / 44
页数:44
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