Perceived outcomes and utilization of upper extremity surgical reconstruction in individuals with tetraplegia at model spinal cord injury systems

Study design: Survey. Objective: To measure the utilization of upper extremity reconstructive surgery and the clinicians' perceptions of the outcomes provided for persons with tetraplegia across the Model Spinal Cord (SCI) Injury Systems. Setting: Model SCI Systems. Methods: Participants: A clinician from each of the Model Centers. Main outcome measure: A mailed survey eliciting responses with respect to: ( 1) utilization of upper extremity reconstructive procedures and ( 2) the clinicians' perceived outcomes of these procedures. Results: In all, 76% responded positively about the availability and appropriateness of upper extremity surgical reconstruction at their center. Of the respondents, 75% felt that surgery recipients were generally satisfied with their surgeries, 80% felt that the surgery made a positive impact on recipients' lives, 81% felt that recipients showed increased independence, and 70% reported a positive impact on recipients' occupation. In all, 93% felt insurance companies should pay for the procedures. Compared to the satisfaction of surgery recipients using a similar instrument, clinicians anticipated slightly greater improvements in all areas except occupation. Conclusions: There is a positive perception of the benefits of reconstructive surgery for tetraplegia; however, procedures are not routinely offered at all centers. The primary reasons reported for this include the misconception that insurance does not remit payment, that a surgeon is not available, and that surgical candidates are referred to another center. Sponsorship: Support was provided by the United States Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. Award # H133N50018, Rehabilitation Research and Development Center of Excellence in Functional Electrical Stimulation Department of Veterans Affairs.