The Importance of Recognizing and Treating Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A New Era in Atherosclerosis Management

被引:0
作者
Cardenas, Gustavo A. [1 ]
Lavie, Carl J. [1 ]
Cardenas, Vanessa [2 ]
Milani, Richard V. [1 ]
McCullough, Peter A. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Ochsner Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, New Orleans, LA USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA
[3] William Beaumont Hosp, Div Cardiol, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA
[4] William Beaumont Hosp, Div Nutr, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA
[5] William Beaumont Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA
关键词
Atherosclerosis; High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Dyslipidemia; Reverse cholesterol transport system; Cholesteryl ester transfer protein; Niacin; Nicotinic acid; Laropiprant; Fibrate;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a major cardiovascular risk factor, with a stronger relationship to coronary heart disease than that seen with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). HDL-C has important antiatherogenic effects, including reverse cholesterol transport, inhibition of LDL-C oxidation, and antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory actions. Patients with low HDL-C are also at an amplifled risk of coronary heart disease due to the common coexistence of other risk factors, including excess adiposity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and the atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by small dense LDL-C. First-line therapy of low HDL-C generally consists of nonpharmacologic measures such as improved fitness and weight loss. Current pharmaceutical options include statins, fibrates, and nicotinic acid. A host of novel approaches involving HDL-C and reverse cholesterol transport hold the promise of fundamentally changing the natural history of atherosclerosis, the most common and important chronic disease in humans.
引用
收藏
页码:239 / 258
页数:20
相关论文
共 124 条
  • [41] MODERATE ALCOHOL INTAKE, INCREASED LEVELS OF HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN AND ITS SUBFRACTIONS, AND DECREASED RISK OF MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
    GAZIANO, JM
    BURING, JE
    BRESLOW, JL
    GOLDHABER, SZ
    ROSNER, B
    VANDENBURGH, M
    WILLETT, W
    HENNEKENS, CH
    [J]. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1993, 329 (25) : 1829 - 1834
  • [42] THE EFFECT OF DIETARY N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS ON HDL CHOLESTEROL IN CHUKOT RESIDENTS VS MUSCOVITES
    GERASIMOVA, E
    PEROVA, N
    OZEROVA, I
    POLESSKY, V
    METELSKAYA, V
    SHERBAKOVA, I
    LEVACHEV, M
    KULAKOVA, S
    NIKITIN, Y
    ASTAKHOVA, T
    [J]. LIPIDS, 1991, 26 (04) : 261 - 265
  • [43] Ginsberg HN, 2000, AM J CARDIOL, V86, p41L
  • [44] HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE - 4 PROSPECTIVE AMERICAN-STUDIES
    GORDON, DJ
    PROBSTFIELD, JL
    GARRISON, RJ
    NEATON, JD
    CASTELLI, WP
    KNOKE, JD
    JACOBS, DR
    BANGDIWALA, S
    TYROLER, HA
    [J]. CIRCULATION, 1989, 79 (01) : 8 - 15
  • [45] HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AS A PROTECTIVE FACTOR AGAINST CORONARY HEART-DISEASE - FRAMINGHAM STUDY
    GORDON, T
    CASTELLI, WP
    HJORTLAND, MC
    KANNEL, WB
    DAWBER, TR
    [J]. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1977, 62 (05) : 707 - 714
  • [46] Assessing low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a risk factor in coronary heart disease - A working group report and update
    Gotto, AM
    Brinton, EA
    [J]. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 2004, 43 (05) : 717 - 724
  • [47] Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy - Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II)
    Grady, D
    Herrington, D
    Bittner, V
    Blumenthal, R
    Davidson, M
    Hlatky, M
    Hsia, J
    Hulley, S
    Herd, A
    Khan, S
    Newby, LK
    Waters, D
    Vittinghoff, E
    Wenger, N
    [J]. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 2002, 288 (01): : 49 - 57
  • [48] Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events
    Greenland, P
    Knoll, MD
    Stamler, J
    Neaton, JD
    Dyer, AR
    Garside, DB
    Wilson, PW
    [J]. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 2003, 290 (07): : 891 - 897
  • [49] Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report
    Grundy, SM
    Becker, D
    Clark, LT
    Cooper, RS
    Denke, MA
    Howard, WJ
    Hunninghake, DB
    Illingworth, R
    Luepker, RV
    McBride, P
    McKenney, JM
    Pasternak, RC
    Stone, NJ
    Van Horn, L
    Brewer, HB
    Cleeman, JI
    Ernst, ND
    Gordon, D
    Levy, D
    Rifkind, B
    Rossouw, JE
    Savage, P
    Haffner, SM
    Orloff, DG
    Proschan, MA
    Schwartz, JS
    Sempos, CT
    Shero, ST
    Murray, EZ
    Keller, SA
    Jehle, AJ
    [J]. CIRCULATION, 2002, 106 (25) : 3143 - 3421
  • [50] Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-daily niacin for the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes - Results of the assessment of diabetes control and evaluation of the efficacy of niaspan trial
    Grundy, SM
    Vega, GL
    McGovern, ME
    Tulloch, BR
    Kendall, DM
    Fitz-Patrick, D
    Ganda, OP
    Rosenson, RS
    Buse, JB
    Robertson, DD
    Sheehan, JP
    [J]. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2002, 162 (14) : 1568 - 1576