Effects of neuromuscular training on the reaction time and electromechanical delay of the peroneus longus muscle

Objective: To examine the influence of a 6-week neuromuscular training program on the electromechanical delay and reaction time of the peroneus longus muscle. Design: A 2X2 pre-post factorial design. Setting: Human performance research center biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Thirty-six healthy, physically active, college-age subjects were recruited for this study and 26 completed it. There were 5 men and 8 women in the treatment group (mean age +/- standard deviation, 21.9 +/- 2.1y; height, 173.7 +/- 11. 1 cm; weight, 67.4 +/- 17.8kg) and 6 men and 7 women in the control group (age, 21.8 +/- 2.3y; height, 173.7 +/- 11.9cm; weight, 70.8 +/- 19.4kg). Subjects were not currently experiencing any lower-extremity pathology and had no history of injuries requiring treatment to either lower extremity. Interventions: Subjects in the treatment group completed a 6-week neuromuscular training program involving various therapeutic exercises. Subjects in the control group were asked to continue their normal physical activity during the 6-week period. Main Outcome Measures: The electromechanical delay of the peroneus longus was determined by the onset of force contribution after artificial activation, as measured by electromyographic and forceplate data. Reaction time was measured after a perturbation during walking. Data were analyzed using two 2X2 analyses of covariance (covariate pretest score). Group (treatment, control) and sex (male, female) were between subject factors. Results: Neuromuscular training caused a decrease in reaction time to perturbation during walking compared with controls (F=4.030. P=.029), while there was a trend toward an increase in electromechanical delay (F=4.227, P=.052). There was no significant difference between sexes or the interaction of sex and treatment in either reaction time or electromechanical delay. Conclusions: The 6-week training program significantly reduced reaction time of the peroneus longus muscle in healthy subjects. Neuromuscular training may have a beneficial effect on improving dynamic restraint during activity.