All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

被引：18

作者：

Abbasi, R. ^{[30
]}

Abdou, Y. ^{[25
]}

Abu-Zayyad, T. ^{[37
]}

Ackermann, M. ^{[46
]}

Adams, J. ^{[17
]}

Aguilar, J. A. ^{[24
]}

Ahlers, M. ^{[30
]}

Altmann, D. ^{[1
]}

Andeen, K. ^{[30
]}

Auffenberg, J. ^{[30
]}

Bai, X. ^{[34
,35
]}

Baker, M. ^{[30
]}

Barwick, S. W. ^{[26
]}

Baum, V. ^{[31
]}

Bay, R. ^{[8
]}

Alba, J. L. Bazo ^{[46
]}

Beattie, K. ^{[9
]}

Beatty, J. J. ^{[19
,20
,21
]}

Bechett, S. ^{[14
]}

Becker, J. K. ^{[11
]}

Becker, K. -H. ^{[45
]}

Bell, M. ^{[43
]}

Benabderrahmane, M. L. ^{[46
]}

BenZvi, S. ^{[30
]}

Berdermann, J. ^{[46
]}

Berghaus, P. ^{[34
,35
]}

Berley, D. ^{[18
]}

Bernardini, E. ^{[46
]}

Bertrand, D. ^{[14
]}

Besson, D. Z. ^{[28
]}

Bindig, D. ^{[45
]}

Bissok, M. ^{[1
]}

Blaufuss, E. ^{[18
]}

Blumenthal, J. ^{[1
]}

Boersma, D. J. ^{[1
]}

Bohm, C. ^{[38
,39
]}

Bose, D. ^{[15
]}

Boeser, S. ^{[12
]}

Botner, O. ^{[44
]}

Brayeur, L. ^{[15
]}

Brown, A. M. ^{[17
]}

Buitink, S. ^{[15
]}

Caballero-Mora, K. S. ^{[43
]}

Carson, M. ^{[25
]}

Casier, M. ^{[15
]}

Chirkin, D. ^{[30
]}

Christy, B. ^{[18
]}

Clevermann, F. ^{[22
]}

Cohen, S. ^{[27
]}

Cowen, D. F. ^{[42
,43
]}

机构：

[1] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

[2] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[3] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA

[4] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA

[5] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[6] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[7] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA

[8] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[9] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[10] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[11] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

[12] Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

[13] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados

[14] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[15] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[16] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan

[17] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch, New Zealand

[18] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[19] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[20] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[21] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[22] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[23] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada

[24] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

[25] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[26] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[27] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[28] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA

[29] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[30] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[31] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany

[32] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

[33] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[34] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[35] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[36] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England

[37] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA

[38] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[39] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[40] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[41] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA

[42] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[43] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[44] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden

[45] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany

[46] DESY, D-015735 Zeuthen, Germany

来源：

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2013年 / 44卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 瑞典研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Cosmic rays; Energy spectrum; IceCube; IceTop; KNEE; SIMULATION; ANISOTROPY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km(2). The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0 degrees and 46 degrees. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles theta < 30 degrees, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：40 / 58

页数：19

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