Food advertising and television exposure: influence on eating behavior and nutritional status of children and adolescents

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of food advertising and television exposure on eating behaviour and nutritional status of children and adolescents. It was a cross sectional study developed among 116 students from a private school in Brazil. Socio-demographic and health conditions were evaluated. Anthropometric data, food consumption, physical) activity, television viewing habits and behaviour in relation to food advertising were also investigated. Among the results, a 1:2 relationship was identified between the number of televisions and residents per household. Excessive weight was present in 25.8% of subjects and 66.4% of children watched television while eating. Children were exposed to television for a median of 3.0 hours daily (95% CI: 2.9 to 3.6). There was a direct association between attraction to foods advertised and purchasing the product (p<0.001) and a positive relationship between the number of televisions per household and body weight (r=0.246, p=0.015) and the amount of liquid consumed during meals (r=0.277, p=0.013). Findings also highlighted the association between watching television while eating and the reduced probability of fruit consumption (p=0.032), contrasted with a greater likelihood of daily artificial juice intake (p=0.039). In conclusion, watching television is associated with lower probability of daily consumption of fruits and the number of television at household is positively related to BMI in children and adolescents.