Review: The Prevention & Control Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution

Environmental pollution has become more and more serious in the world today especially for the heavy metal pollution. Because of the persistence and recalcitrance in the environment, the control technology of heavy metals plays a more and more important role in the world. Various kinds of methods for the removing of heavy metal from soil, wastewater have been extensively studied. This paper has reviewed the current methods that have been used to control and removing heavy metals from the polluted soil, wastewater and some other substance. These methods include chemical remediation methods, physics remediation methods and bioremediation methods. The chemical remediation methods include consolidation and stabilization method, drip washing method and ameliorant method. The ameliorant method is considered to be the best method in the chemical remediation process. The physics remediation methods include the revising soil method, microwave heat remediation method and the electrokinetic remediation method. Every method of physics remediation has been used under different heavy metal polluted condition and the electrokinetic remediation method is one of the newest methods in the world. The bioremediation include the plant remediation methods, the animal remediation methods and the microorganism remediation methods. The plant remediation methods include the plant extract, the plant volatilization and the plant stabilization. It is considered that the plant remediation is widely adopted to removal the heavy metals from the soil while the microorganism remediation method is the hotspot in all the prevention and control technology.