The Relationship Between Malocclusion, Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome, Condylar Position and TMD Symptoms

The current study investigated the association between temporomandibular disorders, malocclusion patterns, benign joint hypermobility syndrome and the initial condylar position. One hundred sixty-two subjects were analyzed using the Rocabado Temporomandibular Pain Analysis; Helkimo Index parameters; the Carter-Wilkinson modified test; and a mounting cast with condylar position indicator registration (MPI). The study revealed a significant association between: 1. Delta H, skeletal pattern (p=0.034); 2. Delta Y, transversal malocclusion (p=0.04); 3. right and left, Delta Z, right and left posteroinferior synovial pain (p<0.05); 4. hypermobility scale, gender (p<0.001), malocclusion pattern (p=0.021); 5. TMJ function impairment, gender (p=0.043); 6. sagittal malocclusion pattern, right temporomandibular pain analysis joint (TPAJ) (p=0.0034); 7. TMJ function impairment, left and right TPAJ (p=0.007); and 8. mandibular motion, left and right TPAJ (p=0.035, p=0.015). The conclusion was that anterior crossbite and condylar displacements in the vertical plane are risk factors in developing TMJ symptoms.