Effects of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone on Cognitive Function in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Older Adults Results of a Controlled Trial

被引:102
作者
Baker, Laura D. [1 ,3 ]
Barsness, Suzanne M.
Borson, Soo [3 ]
Merriam, George R. [2 ,4 ]
Friedman, Seth D.
Craft, Suzanne [1 ,3 ]
Vitiello, Michael V. [3 ]
机构
[1] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA
[2] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA
[3] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[4] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
FACTOR-I; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; AEROBIC EXERCISE; IGF-1; RESISTANCE; BODY-COMPOSITION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; WORKING-MEMORY;
D O I
10.1001/archneurol.2012.1970
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor 1 have potent effects on brain function, their levels decrease with advancing age, and they likely play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Previously, we reported favorable cognitive effects of short-term GHRH administration in healthy older adults and provided preliminary evidence to suggest a similar benefit in adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective: To examine the effects of GHRH on cognitive function in healthy older adults and in adults with MCI. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled-trial. Setting: Clinical Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle. Participants: A total of 152 adults (66 with MCI) ranging in age from 55 to 87 years (mean age, 68 years); 137 adults (76 healthy participants and 61 participants with MCI) successfully completed the study. Intervention: Participants self-administered daily subcutaneous injections of tesamorelin (Theratechnologies Inc), a stabilized analog of human GHRH (1 mg/d), or placebo 30 minutes before bedtime for 20 weeks. At baseline, at weeks 10 and 20 of treatment, and after a 10-week washout (week 30), blood samples were collected, and parallel versions of a cognitive battery were administered. Before and after the 20-week intervention, participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan to measure body composition. Main Outcome Measures: Primary cognitive outcomes were analyzed using analysis of variance and included 3 composites reflecting executive function, verbal memory, and visual memory. Executive function was assessed with Stroop Color-Word Interference, Task Switching, the Self-Ordered Pointing Test, and Word Fluency, verbal memory was assessed with Story Recall and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, and visual memory was assessed with the Visual-Spatial Learning Test and Delayed Match-to-Sample. Results: The intent-to-treat analysis indicated a favorable effect of GHRH on cognition (P=.03), which was comparable in adults with MCI and healthy older adults. The completer analysis showed a similar pattern, with a more robust GHRH effect (P=.002). Subsequent analyses indicated a positive GHRH effect on executive function (P=.005) and a trend showing a similar treatment-related benefit in verbal memory(P=.08). Treatment with GHRH increased insulinlike growth factor 1 levels by 117% (P<.001), which remained within the physiological range, and reduced percent body fat by 7.4% (P<.001). Treatment with GHRH increased fasting insulin levels within the normal range by 35% in adults with MCI (P<.001) but not in healthy adults. Adverse events were mild and were reported by 68% of GHRH treated adults and 36% of those who received placebo. Conclusions: Twenty weeks of GHRH administration had favorable effects on cognition in both adults with MCI and healthy older adults. Longer-duration treatment trials are needed to further examine the therapeutic potential of GHRH administration on brain health during normal aging and "pathological aging."
引用
收藏
页码:1420 / 1429
页数:10
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