Physical properties of MgO at deep planetary conditions

Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the physical properties of MgO at conditions extending from the ones encountered in the Earth mantle up to the ones anticipated in giant planet interiors such as Jupiter. We pay particular attention to the high-pressure melting temperature throughout this large density range as this is a key ingredient for building accurate planetary interior models with a realistic description of their inner cores. We compare our simulation results with previous ab initio calculations that have been so far limited to the pressure range corresponding to the Earth mantle and the B1-B2 transition around 6 Mbar. We provide our results for both the equation of state and high-pressure melting curve in parametric forms for direct use in planetary models. Finally, we compare our predictions of the high-pressure melting temperature with various planetary interior profiles to deduce the state of differentiated layer within the core made of MgO in differentiated cores of various types of planets and exoplanets.