Utilization of protein-A in immuno-histochemical techniques for detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus antigens in tissues of experimentally infected goats

This paper constitutes the first record of utilizing the S. aureus protein-A (PA), conjugated to peroxidase enzyme, for the detection of the Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus antigens in tissues of experimentally infected goats. The goats were experimentally infected with a virulent PPR virus, which was previously isolated from a severe natural disease outbreak in gazelles, during 2002 in Saudi Arabia. The technique is rapid, and has the superiority over the peroxidase -anti-peroxidase ( PAP) test in that, inactivation of the indigenous peroxidase in the tissues is not required and that it can be used against a wide range of animal species. An advantage over the other immunolabelled conjugates is that PA attaches specifically to the crystalizable fraction (Fc) of the IgG molecule, thus allowing the antigen binding fraction (Fab) of the molecule, free to interact specifically with the antigen. So, it doesn't actually compete with the antigen for the Fab portion of the IgG molecule. In the present study, PA conjugate detected the PPR virus antigens in various tissues of the experimentally infected goats.