Biodegradable copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (Nodax™), including recent improvements in their mechanical properties

被引:10
作者
Hassan, MK
Abou-Hussein, R
Zhang, XJ
Mark, JE [1 ]
Noda, I
机构
[1] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
[2] Univ Cincinnati, Polymer Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
[3] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA
[4] Procter & Gamble Co, W Chester, OH USA
关键词
cross-linked Nodax; mechanical properties; Nodax /clay nanocomposites; polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (NodaxTM); pre-orientation; WAXS measurements;
D O I
10.1080/15421400500380028
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
A general review is first provided on the properties of this important member of the class of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers now being actively investigated as environmentally friendly materials. This soon to be commercialized material is already finding numerous applications and has the advantage of biodegradability, but its mechanical properties have not yet been fully optimized. In recent work, pre-orientation of uncrosslinked and crosslinked Nodax films was found to improve their moduli, tensile strengths, and yield stresses, as well as increasing (or at least maintaining) their toughness. These improvements presumably resulted from increases in crystallinity with orientation, a conclusion supported by increases in the intensity of X-ray diffraction patterns of the pre-oriented samples relative to those of the unoriented ones. Pre-orientation techniques could therefore be very useful in processing such materials for industrial applications. Addition of organoclay to Nodax was found to significantly improve thermal stability. These nanocomposites had structures ranging from exfoliated layers of clay at low contents to intercalated ones at higher contents. These changes in structure were investigated through X-ray diffraction peaks, with shifts in the peak toward lower values indicating intercalation and decreases in intensity of the clay peak indicating exfoliation. In the case of this reinforcing filler, the major advantage was increased moduli, but at the cost of decreased values of the elongation at break and toughness. Some of these disadvantages might be avoided by the use of other layered fillers, such as mica or graphite. Also, there are obviously other improvements possible in such layered nanocomposites, including decreases in flammability, and increases in solvent resistance and barrier properties.
引用
收藏
页码:341 / 362
页数:22
相关论文
共 77 条
[1]   Improvement in the mechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) by preorientation [J].
Abdel-Latif, SA ;
El-Roudi, OM ;
Sharaf, MA ;
Noda, I ;
Mark, JE .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, 2004, 94 (06) :2257-2262
[2]   Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: Preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials [J].
Alexandre, Michael ;
Dubois, Philippe .
Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2000, 28 (1-2) :1-63
[3]   A LATTICE MODEL FOR SEGMENTAL ORIENTATION IN DEFORMED POLYMERIC NETWORKS .2. EFFECT OF CHAIN STIFFNESS AND THERMOTROPIC INTERACTIONS [J].
BAHAR, I ;
ERMAN, B ;
KLOCZKOWSKI, A ;
MARK, JE .
MACROMOLECULES, 1990, 23 (26) :5341-5346
[4]   FUNCTIONALIZATION OF MONTMORILLONITE BY METHYL-METHACRYLATE POLYMERS CONTAINING SIDE-CHAIN AMMONIUM CATIONS [J].
BIASCI, L ;
AGLIETTO, M ;
RUGGERI, G ;
CIARDELLI, F .
POLYMER, 1994, 35 (15) :3296-3304
[5]   ISODIMORPHISM IN BACTERIAL POLY(BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-BETA-HYDROXYVALERATE) [J].
BLUHM, TL ;
HAMER, GK ;
MARCHESSAULT, RH ;
FYFE, CA ;
VEREGIN, RP .
MACROMOLECULES, 1986, 19 (11) :2871-2876
[6]   Direct polymer intercalation in single crystal vermiculite [J].
Burnside, SD ;
Wang, HC ;
Giannelis, EP .
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 1999, 11 (04) :1055-1060
[7]   SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NEW POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) NANOCOMPOSITES [J].
BURNSIDE, SD ;
GIANNELIS, EP .
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 1995, 7 (09) :1597-1600
[8]  
CARMEN S, 1994, MACROMOLECULES, V27, P6358
[9]  
CORNIBERT J, 1972, J MOL BIOL, V71, P735
[10]   Putting the 'nano' into composites [J].
Dagani, R .
CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS, 1999, 77 (23) :25-+