FREQUENCY OF TRADITIONAL RISK FACTORS AND EVALUATION OF LIPID PROFILE IN PATENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objective: To determine the frequency of traditional risk factors with evaluation of lipid profile in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study with non-randomized consecutive sampling. The study was conducted from 1st June to 30th November, 2018 in Coronary Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan in which all patients with age >18 years with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome were recruited. Detail history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and family history for coronary artery disease was taken. Dyslipidemia was evaluated by measuring blood lipid profile. SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Significance was set at P <= 0.05. Results: We analyzed 384 patients with acute coronary syndrome out of which 60.7% were male. There was no significant difference in age of male (25-91 years) and female (26-90 years) patients. ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome was 74.5% and non ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome was 25.5%. Frequency of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and family history of coronary artery disease was 86.7%, 52.3%, 34.1%, 26% and 9.6%, respectively. The most frequent lipid abnormality was in HDL cholesterol, followed by triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was the most common risk factor followed by hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking. The most common abnormalities in lipid profile were low level of HDL cholesterol, followed by triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol.