Circulating C5L2 gene polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saudi population

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the novel single nucleotide polymorphism, 698C > T that causes an amino acid change from proline to leucine at codon 233 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Saudi population. From the general population in the Saudi Arabia a total of 551 samples were collected and categorized them as T2DM (n = 376) and healthy controls (n = 175). Five ml of the blood sample was collected and used for the Biochemical and Molecular analysis. With the help of serum sample lipid profile: Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and VLDL were performed. PCR-RFLP was performed after separating the genomic DNA from the EDTA blood. The genotype distribution of C698T polymorphism was performed by the Chi square test with SPSS version 16.0 software for comparing T2DM subjects and healthy controls. In our study, genotypic distributions of C5L2 C698T polymorphism and allele frequency of patients and controls were found to be significant difference in the allele and the genotypic distribution. [For T Vs C; p = 0.01; Odds ratio = 3.594 (95 % CI; 1.256-10.28); and CT+TT Vs CC; p = 0.009; Odds ratio = 3.707 (95 % CI; 1.285-10.69)]. TT genotype was completely absent in both the cases and the controls. In conclusion, our study indicates that 698C > T polymorphism of C5L2 gene is associated with the T2DM in individuals of Saudi population which was found to be similar with other studies.