Cytotoxicity, organ distribution and morphological effects of melamine and cyanuric acid in rats

被引:15
|
作者
Sun, Huiying [1 ]
Wang, Kaizhong [2 ]
Wei, Haiyan [3 ]
Li, Zhe [4 ]
Zhao, Hui [3 ]
机构
[1] Jilin Univ, Coll Clin Med, Changchun, Peoples R China
[2] Jilin Univ, Hosp Norman Bethune 1, Dept Thorac Surg, Changchun, Peoples R China
[3] Jilin Univ, Coll Basic Med Sci, Dept Histol & Embryol, 126 Xinmin St, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China
[4] Jilin Univ, Coll Basic Med Sci, Lab Teaching Ctr Basic Med, Changchun, Peoples R China
关键词
Cyanuric acid; ELISA; high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; melamine; melamine cyanurate; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; RENAL TOXICITY; DIET; METABOLISM; MICE; NEPHROTOXICITY; EXPOSURE; TISSUE; CATS; DOGS;
D O I
10.1080/15376516.2016.1201559
中图分类号
R99 [毒物学(毒理学)];
学科分类号
100405 ;
摘要
Melamine (Mel) is used widely as a basic organic chemical intermediate in several products. Within the last 10 years there have been two high-profile Mel exposures that caused toxicological concern, especially regarding food adulteration. Objective: This study aimed to determine the toxicity of Mel and one of its homologs, cyanuric acid (Cya), in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: The IC50 of Mel and Cya was determined by the MTT assay in NRK-52E and 293T cell lines. Organ-specific toxicity was assessed using the following dosing paradigm of Wistar rats: group 1: normal saline; group 2: Mel (180mg/kg); group 3: Cya (150mg/kg); and group 4: Mel (180mg/kg) +Cya (150mg/kg). Results: The NRK cell toxicity studies on Mel and Cya revealed IC50 values of 1.89 mg/mL and 4.20 mg/mL, respectively. Similarly, Mel and Cya IC50 values in 293T cells were 2.07 mg/mL and 3.71 mg/mL, respectively. Histopathologic studies revealed crystals in the renal medulla-cortex and loss of chief cells in the lining of the stomach in the group receiving Mel plus Cya. HPLC-MS analysis of organ homogenates showed that the concentration of Mel was greatest in the animals receiving a combination of both Mel and Cya. Discussion and conclusion: Mel is more toxic than its homolog Cya. The kidney is the most affected organ. Mel was present at high concentration not only in the kidneys, but also in the uterus and liver, informing the scope of future studies on the mechanism of Mel and Cya toxicity.
引用
收藏
页码:501 / 510
页数:10
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