Epidemiological impact of mass tuberculosis screening: a 2-year follow-up after a national prevalence survey

被引:26
作者
Okada, K. [1 ,2 ]
Onozaki, I. [3 ]
Yamada, N. [1 ]
Yoshiyama, T. [1 ]
Miura, T. [2 ]
Saint, S. [4 ]
Peou, S. [4 ]
Mao, T. E. [4 ]
机构
[1] Japan AntiTB Assoc, Res Inst TB, Kiyose, Tokyo 2048533, Japan
[2] Japan Int Cooperat Agcy, Natl TB Control Project, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
[3] WHO, Stop TB Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
[4] Natl Ctr TB & Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
关键词
tuberculosis; epidemiology; active case finding; chest radiography; reactivation; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; HIV PREVALENCE; TB; TRANSMISSION; STRATEGIES;
D O I
10.5588/ijtld.12.0201
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological impact of mass tuberculosis (TB) screening in the community and the prognosis of bacteriologically negative individuals with abnormal findings on chest radiography (CXR). METHODS: A follow-up study consisting of two parts-a register match of notified TB cases with 22 160 participants in a national TB prevalence survey, and a repeat medical examination for the subjects of a prevalence survey with abnormal findings on CXR-was conducted 2 years after the prevalence survey in Cambodia. RESULTS: Thirty-four cases with new smear-positive TB were detected by register match, giving a standardised notification ratio of 0.38 (95%CI 0.27-0.52). An additional seven new smear-positive TB cases and 93 new smear-negative, culture-positive TB cases were detected by medical examination. The incidence rates of bacteriologically positive TB were 8.5% per year (95%CI 6.3-11.2) in cases with a CXR suggestive of active TB and 2.9% per year (95%CI 2.2-3.7) in those with a CXR with other abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Detection and treatment of smear-negative, culture-positive TB cases as well as smear-positive TB cases was associated with a rapid reduction in subsequent incidence of new smear-positive TB. Sputum culture-negative individuals with abnormal CXR findings are at a high risk of disease progression, and require follow-up and potentially preventive treatment.
引用
收藏
页码:1619 / 1624
页数:6
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