Late Quaternary slip rates for the southern Elsinore fault in the Coyote Mountains, southern California from analysis of alluvial fan landforms and clast provenance, soils, and U-series ages of pedogenic carbonate

被引:6
作者
Rockwell, T. K. [1 ]
Masana, E. [2 ]
Sharp, W. D. [3 ]
Stepancikova, P. [4 ]
Ferrater, M. [2 ]
Mertz-Kraus, Regina [3 ,5 ]
机构
[1] San Diego State Univ, Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
[2] Univ Barcelona, Dinam Terra & Ocea, Barcelona, Spain
[3] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, 2455 Ridge Rd, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA
[4] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Rock Struct & Mech, V Holesovickach 41, Prague 18209, Czech Republic
[5] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Elsinore fault; Slip rate; Pedogenic carbonate dating; U-series dating; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE FORECAST; LAGUNA-SALADA FAULT; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; STRAIN ACCUMULATION; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; HALF-LIVES; CONSTRAINTS; URANIUM; BASIN; MAGNITUDE;
D O I
10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.02.024
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
Offset alluvial fans along the Elsinore fault in the south-central Coyote Mountains were studied to resolve an average late Quaternary slip rate for this major western strand of the San Andreas fault system in southern California. Alluvial fans and their offsets were mapped using high-resolution DEMs combined with field observations of fan-surface morphology and the character of the soils developed in each fan remnant. Clast assemblage data was used to determine the source of each alluvial fan upstream of the fault, and U-series dating of pedogenic carbonate was used to estimate minimum ages of the alluvial fan surfaces. Forty U-Th dates on pedogenic carbonate confirm the utility of the technique for dating late Pleistocene alluvium in arid regions and suggest that age variation among late Pleistocene fans grouped on the basis of soils and geomorphic criteria may be significant. Based on these data, the southernmost segment of the Elsinore fault has sustained a slip rate of 2.4 +/- 0.4 mm/y for the past 60-70 ka and probably for the past 150 ka. Because displacement in the most recent surface rupture increases northwest of our slip rate sites, this rate is likely a minimum for the southern Elsinore fault, with the actual rate more likely close to 3 mm/y in the central part of the range. These new data confirm that slip gradients along individual fault segments must be considered when estimating pre-Holocene slip rates for seismic hazard estimates. These new results show that the southern Elsinore fault accounts for about 6% of the total relative motion between North America and the Pacific lithospheric plates in southernmost California. Assessment of previous estimates of slip in the most recent event suggests earthquakes of about Mw 6.8 and, when combined with the slip rate data, a recurrence of such events about every thousand years. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:68 / 89
页数:22
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