Optimizing ultraviolet B radiation exposure to prevent vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in the tropical zone: report from cohort study on vitamin D status and its impact during pregnancy in Indonesia

被引:18
作者
Judistiani, Raden Tina Dewi [1 ,2 ]
Nirmala, Sefita Aryuti [1 ,2 ]
Rahmawati, Meilia [3 ]
Ghrahani, Reni [2 ,4 ,5 ]
Natalia, Yessika Adelwin [1 ]
Sugianli, Adhi Kristianto [5 ,6 ]
Indrati, Agnes Rengga [2 ,5 ,6 ]
Suwarsa, Oki [2 ,5 ,7 ]
Setiabudiawan, Budi [2 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Publ Hlth Dept, Jalan Eijkman 38, Bandung 40161, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
[2] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Ctr Immunol Studies, Bandung, Indonesia
[3] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Midwifery Program, Bandung, Indonesia
[4] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Dept Child Hlth, Bandung, Indonesia
[5] Dr Hasan Sadikin Hosp, Bandung, Indonesia
[6] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Clin Pathol Dept, Bandung, Indonesia
[7] Univ Padjadjaran, Fac Med, Dept Dermatovenereol, Bandung, Indonesia
关键词
LIFE-STYLE; HYPOVITAMINOSIS D; DETERMINANTS; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES; CALCIUM;
D O I
10.1186/s12884-019-2306-7
中图分类号
R71 [妇产科学];
学科分类号
100211 ;
摘要
BackgroundVitamin D deficiency during pregnancy carries potential threat to fetal well being. Natural conversion of vitamin D in the skin can be facilitated by direct ultra violet B (UVB) radiation, but the effect is reduced by wearing umbrellas, clothes, or sunblock cream. Muslim women wear hijab that allows only face and hands to be seen. With increasing proportion of muslim women wearing hijab and the lack of vitamin D fortification and fish consumption in Indonesia, it poses a problem for vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women. This study aimed at finding the best timing of UVB exposure and the duration of exposure which can be suggested to prevent vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women, for those wearing hijab or not.MethodsThis study recruited 304 pregnant women in the first trimester, 75-76 women from 4 cities of the most populated province, West Java, Indonesia which represented 70-80% percent of pregnancy per year. A 3-day notes on duration, time and type of outdoor activity and the clothing wore by the women were collected. UVB intensity radiation were obtained. Calculation on body surface area exposed to direct UVB radiation and UVB radiation intensity were done. Measurement of vitamin D level in sera were done on the same week.ResultsThe median of maternal sera vitamin D level was 13.6ng/mL and the mean exposed area was around 0.48m2 or 18.59% of total body surface area. Radiation intensity reached its peak around 10.00 and 13.00, but the mean duration of exposure to UVB during this window was lower than expected. Significant correlation was found between maternal sera vitamin D level and exposed body surface area (r=0.36, p<0.002) or percentage of exposed body surface (r=0.39, p<0.001) and radiation intensity (r=0.15, p=0.029). Further analysis showed that duration of exposure to UVB should be longer for pregnant women wearing hijab as compared to women without hijab.ConclusionThis study suggested that the best timing to get UVB exposure was between 10.00-13.00, with longer duration for women wearing hijab (64.5 vs 37.5min) of continuous exposure per day.
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页数:9
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