Flood disaster is one of the huge threats to the regional sustainable development. With the acceleration of global climate change and urbanization, the situation of flood disaster is becoming increasingly serious. The effect of precipitation, topography, river network and land use on flood disaster were analyzed along the Yangtze river in Anhui province in detail by the application of spatial analysis techniques of GIS and AMP methods and the map of assessment for flood disaster was produced-along the Yangtze river in Anhui province in this paper. The results showed that: flood disaster in the central area along the Yangtze river in Anhui province is generally higher than other areas. Especially in the area on both sides of the Yangtze River in Anqing, Zongyang and Chizhou city, having the highest hazard. But Hanshan, Hexian,Wuwei and other districts in the north and east area along the Yangtze river in Anhui province, the flood disaster is lower.