Genes that Control Vaccinia Virus Immunogenicity

被引:19
|
作者
Shchelkunov, S. N. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Shchelkunova, G. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol Vector, Koltsov 630559, Novosibirsk Reg, Russia
[2] Russian Acad Sci, Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
[3] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
来源
ACTA NATURAE | 2020年 / 12卷 / 01期
基金
俄罗斯科学基金会;
关键词
smallpox; vaccination; immunogenicity; protectiveness; immune modulating proteins; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; POXVIRUS INFECTION; SMALLPOX VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PROTECTION; DELETION; COWPOX; ATTENUATION; VIRULENCE; HORSEPOX;
D O I
10.32607/actanaturae.10935
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The live smallpox vaccine was a historical first and highly effective vaccine. However, along with high immunogenicity, the vaccinia virus (VACV) caused serious side effects in vaccinees, sometimes with lethal outcomes. Therefore, after global eradication of smallpox, VACV vaccination was stopped. For this reason, most of the human population worldwide lacks specific immunity against not only smallpox, but also other zoonotic orthopoxviruses. Outbreaks of diseases caused by these viruses have increasingly occurred in humans on different continents. However, use of the classical live VACV vaccine for prevention against these diseases is unacceptable because of potential serious side effects, especially in individuals with suppressed immunity or immunodeficiency (e.g., HIV-infected patients). Therefore, highly attenuated VACV variants that preserve their immunogenicity are needed. This review discusses current ideas about the development of a humoral and cellular immune response to orthopoxvirus infection/vaccination and describes genetic engineering approaches that could be utilized to generate safe and highly immunogenic live VACV vaccines.
引用
收藏
页码:33 / 41
页数:9
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