Effect of emulsification of biodiesel fuel on gas emission and thermal property

The aim of the present study is to produce the stable biodiesel emulsion fuels and to disclose the effect of emulsification of biodiesel fuel on the emission and thermal property characteristics. Emphasis is placed on the conditions related to the effective of glycerin fatty acid ester as a hydrophobic emulsifier in biodiesel emulsion and the characteristics of exhaust gases and water content. Here, biodiesel fuel is obtained via transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol and ethanol and its emulsification, i.e., stable homogeneous mixture of water and biodiesel fuel is performed with the aid of Glycerin fatty acid ester (CR-310) as surfactant. It is found that (i) nitrogen oxides (NOx), for biodiesel fuel, is reduced with the increase in engine speed, while carbon oxides CO is slightly increased, (ii) emulsion fuel stabilizes over water content between 5 and 20% for over 1 month, (iii) production of NOx for diesel and biodiesel fuels is suppressed due to water suspension and this trend becomes larger with an increase in engine speed and (iv) in contrast, CO emission is increased with an increase in water content and the corresponding effect of engine speed is minor. Copyright (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.