Sex and gender: modifiers of health, disease, and medicine

被引：7

作者：

Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck ^{[1
,2
]}

Merz, Noel Bairey ^{[3
]}

Barnes, Peter J. ^{[4
]}

Brinton, Roberta D. ^{[5
,6
]}

Carrero, Juan-Jesus ^{[7
,8
]}

DeMeo, Dawn L. ^{[9
,10
]}

De Vries, Geert J. ^{[11
,12
]}

Epperson, C. Neill ^{[13
]}

Govindan, Ramaswamy ^{[14
]}

Klein, Sabra L. ^{[15
]}

Lonardo, Amedeo ^{[16
]}

Maki, Pauline M. ^{[17
,18
]}

McCullough, Louise D. ^{[19
]}

Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera ^{[20
,21
]}

Regensteiner, Judith G. ^{[22
,23
]}

Rubin, Joshua B. ^{[24
,25
]}

Sandberg, Kathryn ^{[26
]}

Suzuki, Ayako ^{[27
,28
]}

机构：

[1] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Diabet Discovery & Sex Based Med Lab, Sect Endocrinol,John W Deming Dept Med, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA

[2] Southeast Louisiana Vet Hlth Care Syst Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA

[3] Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Inst, Barbra Streisand Womens Heart Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA

[4] Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England

[5] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Ctr Innovat Brain Sci, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA

[6] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Ctr Innovat Brain Sci, Tucson, AZ USA

[7] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden

[8] Karolinska Inst, Ctr Gender Med, Stockholm, Sweden

[9] Harvard Med Sch, Channing Div Network Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[10] Harvard Med Sch, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[11] Georgia State Univ, Neurosci Inst, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA

[12] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA

[13] Univ Colorado, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA

[14] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Oncol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

[15] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA

[16] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Biomed Metab & Neural Sci, Azienda Osped Univ Modena, Osped Civile Baggiovara, Modena, Italy

[17] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA

[18] Univ Illinois, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA

[19] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Neurol, McGovern Med Sch, Houston, TX 77030 USA

[20] Charite Med Univ Berlin, Berlin Inst Gender Med, Berlin, Germany

[21] Univ Zurich, Dept Cardiol, Univ Zurich Hosp, Zurich, Switzerland

[22] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Ctr Womens Hlth Res, Aurora, CO USA

[23] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Ctr Womens Hlth Res, Aurora, CO USA

[24] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Dept Paediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

[25] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, St Louis, MO USA

[26] Georgetown Univ, Ctr Study Sex Differences Hlth Aging & Dis, Washington, DC USA

[27] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[28] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA

来源：

LANCET | 2020年 / 396卷 / 10250期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; SELF-RATED HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; PREMENSTRUAL ASTHMA;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Clinicians can encounter sex and gender disparities in diagnostic and therapeutic responses. These disparities are noted in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, disease progression, and response to treatment. This Review discusses the fundamental influences of sex and gender as modifiers of the major causes of death and morbidity. We articulate how the genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal influences of biological sex influence physiology and disease, and how the social constructs of gender affect the behaviour of the community, clinicians, and patients in the health-care system and interact with pathobiology. We aim to guide clinicians and researchers to consider sex and gender in their approach to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases as a necessary and fundamental step towards precision medicine, which will benefit men's and women's health.

引用

页码：565 / 582

页数：18

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