Discovery, Synthetic Methodology, and Biological Evaluation for Antiphotoaging Activity of Bicyclic[1,2,3]triazoles: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies

Novel bicyclic[1,2,3]triazoles (4, 7, 11, 15) have been synthesized using a one-pot metal free strategy with high structural diversity as photoprotective agents, and their effect on UVA-induced senescence in human dermal fibroblast cells (FB) and the associated mechanism are delineated. lid plus UVA can induce a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and senescence-associated beta-galactosiclase (SA-beta-gal) activity but an increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi(mt)). The mRNA levels of six senescence-associated genes, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), was decreased, while elastin, procollagen I type I, fibronectin, COL1 alpha 1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were increased. lid plus UVA also decreased MMP-1 and increased TIMP-1 protein levels. Additionally, the thickness of the minim dorsal skin and epidermis, by UVA, was decreased by topical lid treatment. Our results indicate that bicyclic[1,2,3]triazoles protect UVA-induced senescence-like characteristics in FB cells, which may provide potential prevention against photoaging.