Innervation zone location of the biceps brachii, a comparison between genders and correlation with anthropometric measurements

Avoiding the innervation zone (IZ) is important when collecting surface electromyographic data. The purposes of this study were threefold: (1) to examine the precision of two different techniques for expressing IZ location for the biceps brachii, (2) to compare these locations between men and women, and (3) to determine if IZ movement with changes in elbow joint angle is related to different anthropometric measures. Twenty-four subjects (mean +/- SD ages = 21.8 +/- 3.5 yr) performed isometric contractions of the right forearm flexors at each of three separate elbow joint angles (90 degrees, 120 degrees, and 150 degrees between the arm and forearm). During each contraction, the location of the IZ for the biceps brachii was visually identified using a linear electrode array. These IZ locations were expressed in both absolute (i.e. as a distance (mm) from the acromion process) and relative (i.e. as a percentage of humerus length) terms. The results suggested that the estimations of IZ location were more precise when expressed in relative versus absolute terms, and were generally different for men and women. The shift in IZ location with changes in elbow joint angle was not, however, related to height, weight, or humerus length. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved