Determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method was described to detect tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) were compared to each other to select the optimum cleanup method. Under the established condition, the limits of quantification of N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), N'-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), and N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) were 0.06, 0.07, 0.06, and 0.04 mu g/L respectively, by using 0.5 mL of replacement liquids, respectively, and the relative standard deviation was less than 10% at concentrations of 5.0 and 25.0 mu g/L. The concentrations of TSNAs were measured in concentration ranges of 0.34-60.08 mu g/L (64.8% detection frequency) for NNN, 0.22-9.84 mu g/L (88.6% detection frequency) for NNK, 0.11-11.11 mu g/L (543% detection frequency) for NNB, and 0.09-62.19 mu g/L (75.2% detection frequency) for NAT in 105 replacement liquid brands from 11 electronic cigarette companies purchased in the Korean market. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.