RETRACTED: KLHDC8A Expression in Association with Macrophage Infiltration and Oxidative Stress Predicts Unfavorable Prognosis for Glioma (Retracted Article)

Background. The tumor immune microenvironment (TME) is associated with cancer progression and immune escape. Although KLHDC8A has been reported in glioma in vitro, the expression and clinical significance of this gene in clinical samples are unknown. Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases were used to evaluate the mRNA expression level of KLHDCSA and its significance in the glioma TME. Tissue microarray-based multiple immunohistochemical staining was conducted to determine KLHDC8A protein levels and characterize the immune signature of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in gliomas. Results. Tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages expressed KLHDC8A. The expression of KLHDC8A was higher in glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues and was associated with patient clinical characteristics. Gliomas exhibited a high abundance of macrophages, neutrophils, regulatory T cells, and the immune checkpoint PD-L1, as well as high KLHDC8A expression. Cox regression analysis showed that KLHDC8A+CD68+ macrophages and KLHDC8A predicted unfavorable survival in patients with glioma. Finally, protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that the KLHDC8A expression was associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress. Conclusions. KLHDC8A is a potential marker for the clinical diagnosis of glioma. The immune characteristics of macrophages play a crucial role in predicting patients with glioma, providing a new avenue for targeted glioma therapy.