Multidrug efflux pump overexpression in Staphylococcus aureus after single and multiple in vitro exposures to biocides and dyes

被引:95
作者
Huet, Aurelie A. [1 ,3 ]
Raygada, Jose L. [2 ]
Mendiratta, Kabir [1 ]
Seo, Susan M. [2 ]
Kaatz, Glenn W. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, John D Dingell Dept, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
[2] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
[3] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Ecole Super Microbiol & Securite Alimentaire Bres, F-29280 Plouzane, France
来源
MICROBIOLOGY-SGM | 2008年 / 154卷
关键词
D O I
10.1099/mic.0.2008/021188-0
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Biocides and dyes are commonly employed in hospital and laboratory settings. Many of these agents are substrates for multiple-drug resistance (MDR)-conferring efflux pumps of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Several such pumps have been identified in Staphylococcus aureus, and mutants overexpressing the NorA and MepA MDR pumps following exposure to fluoroquinolones have been identified. The effect of exposure to low concentrations of biocides and dyes on the expression of specific pump genes has not been evaluated. Using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR we found that exposure of clinical isolates to low concentrations of a variety of biocides and dyes in a single step, or to gradually increasing concentrations over several days, resulted in the appearance of mutants overexpressing mepA, mdeA, norA and norC, with mepA overexpression predominating. Overexpression was frequently associated with promoter-region or regulatory protein mutations. Mutants having significant increases in MICs of common pump substrates but no changes in expression of studied pump genes were also observed; in these cases changes in expression of as-yet-unidentified MDR pump genes may have occurred. Strains of S. aureus that exist in relatively protected environments and are repeatedly exposed to sublethal concentrations of biocides can develop efflux-related resistance to those agents, and acquisition of such strains poses a threat to patients treated with antimicrobial agents that are also substrates for those pumps, such as ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin.
引用
收藏
页码:3144 / 3153
页数:10
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