[1] Univ Teknol Malaysia, Fac Mech Engn, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
[2] Univ Malaysia Perlis, Sch Mfg Engn, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
[3] Univ Malaysia Perlis, Sch Mat Engn, Ctr Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technol GEGeoGT, Green Design & Manufacture Res Grp, Kangar 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
[4] Univ Teknol Malaysia, Fac Comp, Soft Comp Res Grp, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia