Ultrafast Transitions from Solid to Liquid and Plasma States of Graphite Induced by X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Pulses

被引：62

作者：

Hau-Riege, S. P. ^{[1
]}

Graf, A. ^{[1
]}

Doeppner, T. ^{[1
]}

London, R. A. ^{[1
]}

Krzywinski, J. ^{[2
]}

Fortmann, C. ^{[1
]}

Glenzer, S. H. ^{[1
]}

Frank, M. ^{[1
]}

Sokolowski-Tinten, K. ^{[3
,4
]}

Messerschmidt, M. ^{[2
]}

Bostedt, C. ^{[2
]}

Schorb, S. ^{[2
]}

Bradley, J. A. ^{[1
]}

Lutman, A. ^{[2
]}

Rolles, D. ^{[5
,6
]}

Rudenko, A. ^{[5
,7
]}

Rudek, B. ^{[5
,7
]}

机构：

[1] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[2] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[3] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany

[4] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CENIDE, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany

[5] Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, Max Planck Adv Study Grp, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[6] Max Planck Inst Med Res, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

[7] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS | 2012年 / 108卷 / 21期

关键词：

THOMSON SCATTERING; ATOMS;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

We used photon pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to study ultrafast x-ray-induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg-peak degradation is smaller and the ion-heating rate is faster than current x-ray-matter interaction models predict.

引用

页数：5

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