The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review

被引:231
作者
Leighton, BL
Halpern, SH
机构
[1] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Anesthesiol, New York, NY USA
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Anaesthesiol, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] Univ Toronto, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Toronto, ON, Canada
关键词
epidural analgesia; labor; obstetric anesthesia; cesarean delivery; opioid;
D O I
10.1067/mob.2002.121813
中图分类号
R71 [妇产科学];
学科分类号
100211 ;
摘要
Mothers given an epidural rather than parenteral opioid labor analgesia report less pain and are more satisfied with their pain relief. Analgesic method does not affect fetal oxygenation, neonatal pH, or 5-minute Apgar scores; however, neonates whose mothers received parenteral opioids require naloxone and have low 1-minute Apgar scores more frequently than do neonates whose mothers received epidural analgesia. Epidural labor analgesia does not affect the incidence of cesarean delivery, instrumented vaginal delivery for dystocia, or new-onset long-term back pain. Epidural analgesia is associated with longer second-stage labor, more frequent oxytocin augmentation, hypotension, and maternal fever (particularly among women who shiver) but not with longer first-stage labor. Analgesic method does not affect lactation success. Epidural use and urinary incontinence are associated immediately postpartum but not at 3 or 12 months. The mechanisms of these unintended effects need to be determined to improve epidural labor analgesia.
引用
收藏
页码:S69 / S77
页数:9
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