Association Between Rural Residence and Nonfatal Suicidal Behavior Among California Adults: A Population-Based Study

被引:11
作者
Margerison, Claire E. [1 ]
Goldman-Mellor, Sidra [2 ]
机构
[1] Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[2] Univ Calif, Dept Publ Hlth, Sch Social Sci Humanities & Arts, Merced, CA USA
关键词
mental health; rural; suicidal attempt; suicidal ideation; suicide; MENTAL-HEALTH-SERVICES; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; URBAN; OWNERSHIP; RATES;
D O I
10.1111/jrh.12352
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Objective Suicide mortality rates in rural areas of the United States are twice that of rates in urban areas, and identifying which factors-eg, higher rates of suicidal distress, lower rates of help-seeking behaviors, or greater access to firearms-contribute to this rural/urban disparity could help target interventions. Method Using 2015-2016 data on adult respondents to the California Health Interview Survey (n = 40,041), we examined associations between residence in a rural (vs nonrural) census tract and nonfatal suicidal ideation and attempt. Results We found that living in a rural area was not associated with nonfatal suicidal behavior (OR for past-year suicidal ideation = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.63-1.20; OR for past-year suicide attempt = 0.55, CI: 0.20-1.48). Women living in rural areas had higher odds of lifetime suicidal ideation compared to women living in nonrural areas, but this difference was not significant (OR = 1.17, CI: 0.94-1.44). We also found that, among individuals reporting suicidal behavior, there were few rural/nonrural differences in perceived need for treatment, such as seeing a physician or taking a prescription for mental health problems. Conclusions Our results do not suggest higher suicidal distress or lower treatment-seeking behaviors as explanations for the rural/urban disparity in suicide mortality rates. Further attention is needed to the unique risk factors driving suicidality in rural areas, as well as exploring heterogeneity in these factors across different rural contexts.
引用
收藏
页码:262 / 269
页数:8
相关论文
共 36 条
[1]   The Association Between Gun Ownership and Statewide Overall Suicide Rates [J].
Anestis, Michael D. ;
Houtsma, Claire .
SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR, 2018, 48 (02) :204-217
[2]  
Bird D.C., 2001, ADDRESSING MENTAL HL
[3]   Urban-rural shifts in intentional firearm death: Different causes, same results [J].
Branas, CC ;
Nance, ML ;
Elliott, MR ;
Richmond, TS ;
Schwab, CW .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 2004, 94 (10) :1750-1755
[4]   Reliability of the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire [J].
Brener, ND ;
Kann, L ;
McManus, T ;
Kinchen, SA ;
Sundberg, EC ;
Ross, JG .
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH, 2002, 31 (04) :336-342
[5]   Are mental disorders more common in urban than rural areas of the United States? [J].
Breslau, Joshua ;
Marshall, Grant N. ;
Pincus, Harold A. ;
Brown, Ryan A. .
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH, 2014, 56 :50-55
[6]  
California Department of Public Health, 2015, EPICENTER CAL INJ DA
[7]  
California Health Interview Survey, 2014, CONSTRUCTED VARIABLE
[8]  
California Health Interview Survey, 2016, CHIS 2015 2016 METHO
[9]  
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016, Web-based injury statistics query and reporting system (WISQARS)
[10]   Feasibility of Assessing Suicide Ideation and History of Suicidal Behavior in Rural Communities [J].
Cukrowicz, Kelly C. ;
Brown, Sarah L. ;
Mitchell, Sean M. ;
Roush, Jared F. ;
Hirsch, Jameson K. .
SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR, 2018, 48 (05) :522-530