The bolometric quasar luminosity function at z=0-7

被引:239
作者
Shen, Xuejian [1 ]
Hopkins, Philip F. [1 ]
Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre [2 ,3 ]
Alexander, D. M. [4 ]
Richards, Gordon T. [5 ]
Ross, Nicholas P. [6 ]
Hickox, R. C. [7 ]
机构
[1] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[2] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
[3] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys CI, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
[4] Univ Durham, Ctr Extragalact Astron, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England
[5] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 32 S 32nd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[6] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland
[7] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 英国科学技术设施理事会; 美国国家航空航天局;
关键词
galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: general; cosmology: observations; infrared: galaxies; ultraviolet: galaxies; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; SOFT-X-RAY; SIMILAR-TO; 6; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; LESS-THAN; FAINT-END; COOLING FLOWS; COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION;
D O I
10.1093/mnras/staa1381
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
In this paper, we provide updated constraints on the bolometric quasar luminosity function (QLF) from z = 0 to z = 7. The constraints are based on an observational compilation that includes observations in the rest-frame IR, B band, UV, soft, and hard X-ray in past decades. Our method follows Hopkins et al. with an updated quasar SED model and bolometric and extinction corrections. The new best-fitting bolometric quasar luminosity function behaves qualitatively different from the old Hopkins model at high redshift. Compared with the old model, the number density normalization decreases towards higher redshift and the bright-end slope is steeper at z greater than or similar to 2. Due to the paucity of measurements at the faint end, the faint end slope at z greater than or similar to 5 is quite uncertain. We present two models, one featuring a progressively steeper faint-end slope at higher redshift and the other featuring a shallow faint-end slope at z greater than or similar to 5. Further multiband observations of the faint-end QLF are needed to distinguish between these models. The evolutionary pattern of the bolometric QLF can be interpreted as an early phase likely dominated by the hierarchical assembly of structures and a late phase likely dominated by the quenching of galaxies. We explore the implications of this model on the ionizing photon production by quasars, the CXB spectrum, the SMBH mass density, and mass functions. The predicted hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by quasars is subdominant during the epoch of reionization and only becomes important at z less than or similar to 3. The predicted CXB spectrum, cosmic SMBH mass density, and SMBH mass function are generally consistent with existing observations.
引用
收藏
页码:3252 / 3275
页数:24
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