Spatial variation and probabilistic risk assessment of exposure to fluoride in drinking water

被引:117
作者
Fallahzadeh, Reza Ali [1 ]
Miri, Mohammad [2 ]
Taghavi, Mahmoud [3 ]
Gholizadeh, Abdolmajid [1 ]
Anbarani, Ramin [4 ]
Hosseini-Bandegharaei, Ahmad [2 ,5 ]
Ferrante, Margherita [6 ]
Conti, Gea Oliveri [6 ]
机构
[1] Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Yazd, Iran
[2] Sabzevar Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Sabzevar, Iran
[3] Gonabad Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Gonabad, Iran
[4] Islamic Azad Univ, Sabzevar Branch, Dept Biotechnol, Sabzevar, Iran
[5] Islamic Azad Univ, Kashmar Branch, Dept Engn, POB 161, Kashmar, Iran
[6] Univ Catania, Dept Med Surg Sci & Adv Technol GF Ingrassia, Environm & Food Hyg Labs LIAA, Catania, Italy
关键词
Risk assessment; Fluoride; Human health; Sensitivity analysis; Drinking water; RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; QUALITY INDEX DWQI; UNITED-STATES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; HEAVY-METALS; AMBIENT AIR; HEALTH; REMOVAL; IRAN; GROUNDWATER;
D O I
10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.001
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Assessing the health risks of exposure to fluoride in developing countries has been unclear. In this study, the concentration of fluoride and its spatial analysis in groundwater of 6 counties of Yazd province, Iran, were investigated. Health risk assessment of three age groups (children, teens and adults), sensitivity analysis and uncertainties of effective variables were carried out using Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that 68.77% of the samples taken were within the standard range set by the WHO guidelines (0.5-1.5 mg/l). The mean (Standard division) of fluoride in Ardakan, Azezar, Mehriz, Meybod, Taft and Yazd were 0.83 (0.31), 0.73 (0.41), 0.56 (0.20), 0.91 (0.32), 0.60 (0.32) and 0.64 (0.25) respectively. Among the studied counties, Ashkezar has the highest dispersion in terms of high concentration of fluoride. The hazard quotient (HQ) value for all age groups except children was less than 1, indicated potential of non-cancer risk of exposure to fluoride for this group. The most important variable in calculating the HQ was the drinking water ingestion rate, concentration of fluoride and the fraction of skin in contact with water, so more focused on these parameters should be made for a more accurate health risk assessment.
引用
收藏
页码:314 / 321
页数:8
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