Social influences on neuroplasticity: stress and interventions to promote well-being

被引:509
作者
Davidson, Richard J. [1 ,2 ]
McEwen, Bruce S. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[2] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Invest Hlth Minds, Madison, WI USA
[3] Rockefeller Univ, Harold & Margaret Milliken Hatch Lab Neuroendocri, New York, NY 10021 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
AMYGDALA VOLUME; COMPASSION MEDITATION; STRUCTURAL PLASTICITY; DENDRITIC MORPHOLOGY; PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; NEURAL CIRCUITRY; BRAIN PLASTICITY; AGING BRAIN;
D O I
10.1038/nn.3093
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Experiential factors shape the neural circuits underlying social and emotional behavior from the prenatal period to the end of life. These factors include both incidental influences, such as early adversity, and intentional influences that can be produced in humans through specific interventions designed to promote prosocial behavior and well-being. Here we review important extant evidence in animal models and humans. Although the precise mechanisms of plasticity are still not fully understood, moderate to severe stress appears to increase the growth of several sectors of the amygdala, whereas the effects in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex tend to be opposite. Structural and functional changes in the brain have been observed with cognitive therapy and certain forms of meditation and lead to the suggestion that well-being and other prosocial characteristics might be enhanced through training.
引用
收藏
页码:689 / 695
页数:7
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