The metacognitive abilities of children and adults

被引：22

作者：

Salles, Alejo ^{[1
,2
]}

Ais, Joaquin ^{[5
,6
]}

Semelman, Mariano ^{[5
]}

Sigman, Mariano ^{[3
,4
]}

Calero, Cecilia I. ^{[6
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Inst Calculo, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[2] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[3] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, Lab Neurociencia Integrat, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[4] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, IFIBA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[5] Univ Torcuato Di Tella, Lab Neurociencia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[6] CEMIC, Unidad Neurobiol Aplicada, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

来源：

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT | 2016年 / 40卷

关键词：

Metacognition; Children; Confidence; Adults; SDT; Optimism; HIGH-CONFIDENCE ERRORS; EVENT RECALL; MEMORY; HYPERCORRECTION; DISCRIMINATION; JUDGMENTS; KNOWLEDGE; OPTIMISM; ACCESS; AGE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.cogdev.2016.08.009

中图分类号：

B844 [发展心理学（人类心理学）];

学科分类号：

040202 ;

摘要：

Metacognition, or the capacity to reflect upon one's own knowledge, is a key trait in our cognitive repertoire which is developed during childhood. Here, a direct comparison of metacognitive ability in children (N=188; 6-9 years old) and adults, (N=47) using a single perceptual task, was made. Results showed that 6-9 years old children have a level of metacognitive access similar to that of adults. Further, a signal detection theory model was applied in order to distinguish metacognitive ability from the propensity towards risk taking, two factors that have so far been confounded in studies. Children presented a suboptimal tendency towards risky decisions and a natural predisposition to overconfidence that can be partially mitigated by imposing a conservative normative strategy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：101 / 110

页数：10

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